[Responses of radial growth of Pinus yunnanensis to climatic and hydrological factors at different altitudes in Western Yunnan, China]. / æ»‡è¥¿ä¸åŒæµ·æ‹”äº‘å—æ¾å¾„å‘ç”Ÿé•¿å¯¹æ°”å€™æ°´æ–‡è¦ç´ çš„å“åº”.

A tree-ring width chronology (STD) was established using tree-ring cores of Pinus yunnanensis from two sites with different altitudes in Western Yunnan, to study the responses of radial growth to climatic and hydrological factors. The results showed that the radial growth of P. yunnanensis in Western Yunnan was mainly affected by precipitation, temperature and runoff. The radial growth of P. yunnanensis at high altitude (2413.3 m) was controlled primarily by high temperature in summer and runoff in the monsoon season. In contrast, the radial growth of P. yunnanensis at low altitude (1062.6 m) was mainly controlled by precipitation in the growing season and annual runoff. The responses of radial growth of P. yunnanensis at high altitude to temperature change was unstable due to the existence of the temperature threshold. Due to the weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon in the 1980s, the temporal stability of tree growth response at low altitude to precipitation and runoff fluctuated. The radial growth of P. yunnanensis at different altitudes in Western Yunnan was related to the Asian summer monsoon and El Nio-Southern Oscillation.

[Responses of radial growth of Pinus sibirica to climate and hydrology in Altay, Xinjiang, China]. / 新疆阿勒泰地区西伯利亚红松径向生长对气候水文的响应.

Based on a standardized tree-ring width chronology established at Altay, Xinjiang, we examined the climatic and hydrological factors affecting the tree-ring width of Pinus sibirica. The results showed that the tree-ring width chronology of P. sibirica was negatively correlated with the average temperature and the average maximum temperature in May-June of current year and positively correlated with May-June PDSI and January-June precipitation. The tree-ring width chronology of P. sibirica was positively correlated with previous November runoff of the Irtysh River. The radial growth of P. sibirica was affected by temperature and precipitation, with precipitation in early stage of tree growth and temperature in summer being the key climatic factors. The study of the extreme years of chronology showed that the radial growth of P. sibirica was related to ENSO events and global large-scale circulations. By affecting the location of cyclones over Central Asia, ENSO affected water vapor transport to Altay, with consequences on the radial growth of P. sibirica.

[May-July NDVI variation for the middle Qinling Mountains over the past 194 years indicated by tree rings of Pinus tabuliformis]. / æ²¹æ¾æ ‘è½®æŒ‡ç¤ºçš„ç§¦å²­ä¸­éƒ¨è¿‡åŽ»194å¹´5­7月NDVI变化.

Due to the short-term observation record of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the research on long-term NDVI changes is scarce, which limits our understanding of the impacts of NDVI changes in the context of global warming. In this study, a regional tree-ring chronology was developed based on the tree-ring samples of Pinus tabuliformis in the middle Qinling Mountains. The results showed that tree-ring width of P. tabuliformis was significantly positively correlated with May-July NDVI (r=0.624, P<0.01, n=34). The Sig-Free tree-ring width chronology was used to reconstruct May-July NDVI during the period 1825-2018, which explained 38.9% of the total NDVI variance. Results of spatial analysis showed that the reconstructed series could better represent the NDVI changes in the study area. There were six high NDVI periods and five low NDVI periods in the past 194 years. The vegetation grew best in 2006-2018, indicating vegetation cove-rage in the middle of Qinling Mountains had been improved during the warming hiatus. Low NDVI periods in the reconstruction series were consistent with drought over much of study area. Results of wavelet analysis indicated the existence of 2-4 years and 12-16 years cycles in the reconstruction series. SEA analysis showed that the reconstruction series decreased significantly in the El Nino year, while increased significantly in the first to third years after the La Nina event. The growth of P. tabuliformis was predicted to increase slightly under the SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios.

Evaluation of the efficiency of propofol versus isoflurane anesthesia interventions in treating elderly patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficiency of propofol versus isoflurane anesthesia interventions in treating elderly patients with postoperative cognitive dysfunction. METHODS: We performed an in-depth search in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chongqing VIP, WanFang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and SinoMed. Additionally, we reviewed the reference lists of included studies. Two independent authors examined the quality of the study and the quality of the extracted data. Regarding the dichotomous outcomes, we stated the results as relative risk, with 95% confidence intervals. We further expressed incessant outcomes as mean difference with a confidence level of 95%. RESULTS: The findings of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSION: Findings of this study will help in providing insight to establish if propofol is a suitable intervention to treat postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202090042.

Increased identification of novel variants in type 2 diabetes, birth weight and their pleiotropic loci.

BACKGROUND: Clinical and epidemiological findings point to an association between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and low birth weight. However, the nature of the relationship is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in T2D and birth weight, and their pleiotropic loci. METHODS: A pleiotropy-informed conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) method was applied to two independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics of T2D (n = 149 821) and birth weight (n = 26 836). RESULTS: A conditional Q-Q plot showed strong enrichment of genetic variants in T2D conditioned on different levels of association with birth weight. 133 T2D-associated SNPs, including 120 novel SNPs, were identified with a significance threshold of cFDR < 0.05; 13 significant birth weight-associated SNPs, including 12 novel SNPs (cFDR < 0.05) were identified. Conjunctional cFDR (ccFDR) analysis identified nine pleiotropic loci, including seven novel loci, shared by both T2D and birth weight (ccFDR < 0.05). Two novel SNPs located at the CDK5 regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1; rs1012635; cFDR < 0.05) and adenylate cyclase 5 (ADCY5; rs4677887; cFDR < 0.05) genes are of note. These two genes increase the risk of T2D and low birth weight through the pathway of the "fetal insulin hypothesis." CONCLUSION: Several pleiotropic loci were identified between T2D and birth weight by leveraging GWAS results. The results make it possible to explain a greater proportion of trait heritability and improve our understanding of the shared pathophysiology between T2D and birth weight.

Establishment of reference intervals and transfusion criterion for Sonoclot analysis.

Sonoclot analyzer has been widely used in many countries. But the reference intervals provided by the manufacturer were derived from only 45 participants, and there was no cut-off value for transfusion for Sonoclot analysis. This study aimed to establish reference intervals and transfusion criterion for Sonoclot analysis. Volunteers were recruited from healthy Chinese adults and patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Blood samples were withdrawn from forearm vein and measured for activated clotting time (ACT), clot rate (CR), platelet function (PF), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen concentration (FIB), and platelet count (PLT). The reference intervals were determined by the nonparametric method. Cut-off values were determined by the receiver operating characteristics curve. A total of 135 healthy volunteers and 281 patients were enrolled. The 95% reference intervals were 96-195 s, 22-51 signal U/min, >1.6 for ACT, CR, PF respectively. In the 281 patients, the results of APTT, FIB, PLT, ACT, CR, and PF ranged from 20.5-300.0 s, 0.28-4.11 g/L, (19.0-387.3)×109/L, 80-514 s, 2.9-74 signal U/min, and 0.1-5.1 respectively. The cut-off values for transfusion were >208, ≤14, and ≤1.3 for ACT, CR, PF respectively. The cut-off values of Sonoclot analysis were within the manufacturer's reference intervals, while they were outside the reference intervals established in this study. The results suggested that the manufacturer's reference intervals were not suitable for Chinese. The reference intervals and cut-off values established in this study will be helpful to Chinese patients.

Note: Durability analysis of optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on Pd-Y alloy film.

The Pd-Y alloy sensing film has an excellent property for hydrogen detection, but just for one month, the sensing film's property decreases seriously. To study the failure of the sensing film, the XPS spectra analysis was used to explore the chemical content of the Pd-Y alloy film, and analysis results demonstrate that the yttrium was oxidized. The paper presented that such an oxidized process was the potential reason of the failure of the sensing film. By understanding the reason of the failure of the sensing film better, we could improve the manufacturing process to enhance the property of hydrogen sensor.

Modeling analysis and experimental study on the optical fiber hydrogen sensor based on Pd-Y alloy thin film.

The failure of hydrogen sensor with palladium film is primarily the phase transition of PdH. To restrain this, a novel palladium and yttrium (Pd-Y) alloy film was prepared by the co-sputtering method and was used to design an optical fiber hydrogen sensor. A sensor model was established based on the optical film matrix method. The relationship between the reflectivity of the film and the hydrogen concentration was discussed. The experimental results show that this sensor is superior to the traditional sensor with Pd in shortening the response and recovery time, restraining drift, and promoting repeatability. The Pd-Y alloy film is an extremely promising material for detecting hydrogen.

[Association of diabetes mellitus with biological behaviors of colorectal cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of diabetes mellitus(DM) with colorectal cancer. METHODS: Case-control study was performed to compare 486 patients with colorectal cancer (study group) and 533 patients without colorectal cancer (control group) in the Affiliated Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University between 2006 and 2009. RESULTS: The incidence of DM was 12.1% in study group and 7.1% in the control group, and the difference was significant(P<0.01). On multivariate analysis, DM was independently associated with colorectal cancer (OR=1.886,95% CI:1.450~3.571). Colorectal cancer risk was increased in DM patients with a duration of 5-20 years(P<0.05), while colorectal cancer risk in those with a duration less than 5 years or more than 20 years did not change(P>0.05). No significant differences in tumor differentiation, invasion depth, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis and lymphovascular invasion were found between colorectal cancer patients with and without DM(all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Diabetes mellitus increases the risk of colorectal cancer, however, biological behaviors of colorectal cancer is not associated with diabetes mellitus.